Friday, October 09, 2009

Warning on Fijian Culture

Guide warns on culture

www.fijitimes.com - Thursday, October 08, 2009

GENUINE Fijian culture attracts tourists, says Tui Tai Adventure cruise guide Losefati Ligairi.

Ms Ligairi, who has spent 20 years in the industry, told villagers in Taveuni during a visit with tourists that genuine Fijian culture included the yaqona ceremony and its traditional dress.

"In many Fijian villages today, most villagers no longer perform the genuine ceremony, or wear the (correct) clothing, so we have asked the villagers to maintain that touch of the culture.

"It is very important for the villagers and the indigenous community to maintain the culture passed down to us by our ancestors because this is what attracts tourists to our shores."

She said in some occasions he had visited villagers and asked them to wear genuine meke dress and traditional ceremony wear.

Wearing a lei of frangipani on our heads or having a flower on one side of our hair is not Fijian, she said.

"The real Fijian way is to tuck a Fijian comb in the back of our hair and wear masi cloth for the kava ceremony," Ms Ligairi said.

"The villagers have responded well," she said.

Tui Tai Cruise owner Tige Young said the Fijian villages in the areas of Cakaudrove had supported cruise activities over the past seven years of operation.

"We have worked well with the villagers and our relationship has strengthened over the years," Mr Young said.

Roland Williams Wins Maori TV Song Competition

Let Roland rule

Ioane Burese
www.fijitimes.com -Sunday, October 04, 2009

THE reign of Roland Williams has begun. The 18-year-old former frontman of the Suva band, One-2-Eight, beat nine other finalists in the Maori Television singing competition -- Homai Te Pakipaki -- in Auckland on Friday night.

Roland crooned his way to the $10,000 first prize money with the tune Me and Mrs Jones, a signature track of legendary Philadelphia soul singer Billy Paul.

In a commentary on his performance, the New Zealand news website stuff.co.nz reported: "When Roland Williams sings, he sounds much older than his years."

It's an acknowledgement of Roland's strong tenor range that allowed him to experiment with the soul and funk of Stevie Wonder and Tavares while here with One-2-Eight.

The performance capped off a 23-week run of Homai Te Pakipaki, that started in May, and which has developed a cult-like following since going to air for the first time in 2007.

The former Marist Brothers High School student, who left for Auckland's Kelston Boys High School earlier this year on a rugby scholarship, won his heat on September 11 with the Gregory Abbot smash I Wanna Shake You Down.

For that effort, he took home the weekly prize of $1000.

On Friday night, in a two-hour finale that featured a guest appearance by popular New Zealand singer Mark Williams, Roland broke new ground by excelling in a field other than the rugby paddock.

Speaking from Auckland yesterday Roland said while he was enjoying the feel-good experience, he was still a little stunned.

"It was quite tough. There's a lot of talent here and everybody came prepared," Roland said.

"My school has also been very supportive."

Roland packs down Kelston's Second XV at Number 8 and has managed to balance his blossoming music career with his rugby and his studies.

"My studies have been going great, really well -- it's a massive improvement from what I'd been doing in Fiji," he said.

"The rugby's been going great too. We reached the semi-final of the competition in Auckland."

Here at home, on hearing the news on Friday night, Roland's mum, Glenda, was over the moon.

"Oh man, I feel on top of the world," Mrs Williams said while admitting Roland could be facing some difficulties adjusting to a new environment.

"His studies are going well although I believe he can do much better.

"I wish I was there to celebrate with him."

Roland's achievement also ensured the yaqona flowed thick and fast with the One-2-Eight gang, which is gaining a reputation as a kind of ex-Marist Brothers High School institution.

The band features guitarist Nesbitt Hazelman and bass player Ratu Jo Tabakaucoro.

"It's a big achievement for Roland and everybody's happy here," Ratu Jo said.

"The Maori are great vocalists and for Roland to win that kind of competition says a lot about his abilities.

"I think his weapon is his old-school repertoire for a young kid -- that's his edge."

Roland plans to study psychology some time in the future while he nurtures his rugby.

And his music?

"I'll probably pursue it later," he said. "There're opportunities for the performing arts here in Auckland -- so things are really great."

Roland Williams' exploits -- on and off the rugby field -- have come in only his first year in the Land of the Long White Cloud.

But if they're anything to go by, this Namadi Heights kid is going places -- to be sure.

Legend of the Yasawa Giant Eagle

Legend of the giant eagle

www.fijitimes.com -Sunday, October 04, 2009

WHILE Sawa-i-Lau in Yasawa is known for its majestical caves, most people have not heard of the legend of the giant eagle the locals believe lived there once.

According to Josese Draya, legend says the island was home to a great eagle that only survived by eating virgins.

If you go to Sawa-i-Lau, try and use your binoculars and check out the top right hand corner of the island of Sawa-i-Lau. A large patch of guano or bird droppings is visible.

Draya is convinced that was the spot where the giant eagle or manu levu lived.

According to legend, whenever the eagle was hungry, it would fly to the nearby village and grab a virgin and took it to its nest.

Draya said one day, the eagle flew down and grabbed itself a virgin which did not augur well with her husband to be.

The husband to be swam to Sawa-i-Lau and climbed up to the eagle's nest to rescue his bride to be.

While trying to do that, the eagle flew back and they fought over the virgin.

Draya said they both fell to the ground and died. And that was the end of the eagle of Sawa-i-Lau. Draya says villagers still wonder why the large patch believed to be bird droppings was still there. He said people of Nabukeru and Tamusua believe in the legend.

Cave God of Yasawa

Home of the cave god

Mereseini Marau
www.fijitimes.com - Sunday, October 04, 2009

THE locals here often say that Sawa-i-Lau Island is the heart of Yasawa and Fiji.

It is where the mana of this country is hidden.

The people of Yasawa believe that you have not been to Yasawa if you have not set foot on Sawa-i-Lau.

The island - a distinctive limestone mass rising 1000 feet above sea level - is the object of Fijian legends and sacred Fijian mythology.

This island off Nabukeru Village is owned by the people of Tokatoka Koro and Mataqali Koro of Nabukeru.

According to Josese Draya, the cave keeper, the island is riddled with caves.

Relaxing on the rocks on the beach in front of the caves, Draya explains the caves are the popular attractions on the island.

There was something about this place that made it eerie. The silence was just so unnatural. The cool breeze sent shivers up my spine, goose bumps a constant reminder that I was venturing into something dark and mysterious.

On the entrance to the main cave, there are inscriptions on the walls, which have long puzzled archaeologists.

Draya recalls that a team of archaeologists visited the caves some years ago to see the writings.

This Nabukeru no nonsense villager explained that a lot of people visited the island to just dip in the pools inside the caves.

"They say this is the source of the seas around Yasawa," he said.

The island is internationally renowned as one of the locations for the popular movie Blue Lagoon which was shot in the 70s and featured famous child actress, Brooke Shields.

But apart from that, Draya said a lot of people believe the site was the resting grounds of the legendary 10 headed god, Ulutini.

Expanding on stories passed down from elders, Draya said each chamber of the caves was supposed to represent each of the god's nine snake heads. The 10th resembled a human head.

Allaying fears of myth-struck visitors, Draya reassured the island was free of snakes.

"Until now, no snake can live here," he said.

Draya recalled this statement of fact was tested by villagers who introduced a small snake from Tamusua to the island.

"We put that tiny snake in a bottle and took it to the island," he said.

"Just before we reached the island, the snake died in the bottle."

But in a twist just as dramatic as the myths itself, Draya reported that while villagers were steadfast in the belief that there was no snake on the island, a late uncle - Laisenia Taulele - is said to have seen the great 10 headed god in person.

"His plantation is here on the island," he said.

One day while farming, he claimed he saw the snake sunbathing.

After the snake revealed himself to Taulele, the Nabukeru villager reportedly acquired the gift of healing - but on the condition he did not sleep with women.

"After that encounter he was able to heal people," said Draya.

News of this magic healing travelled all over the Yasawas and the province of Ba and thus he began travelling. Later he moved to Korovou in Tavua and lived there for a while.

While there he composed a meke about this 10 headed god.

Today, the women of Korovou perform a special meke known as the manu. The lyrics of the song for this particular meke are derived from the legend of the snake god.

The story goes that it was in Korovou that Taulele broke the condition set by the snake god. It cost him his life.

While Taulele might not be around to testify to what he saw, Draya said that the stories had gotten around.

I did not get to go deep into the caves but legend has it that the snake god's central human face possesses angelic beauty that is almost too much for any mortal's gaze to behold. Added to the mystery is the belief that embedded in the god's forehead is a shimmering diamond like stone, which is the source of the great mana.

The villagers also claim that the caves are home to Dema Leka and Damu Balavu (two fish), as well as Donu (eel). In this case, the story goes that they have lived there forever without ever breeding, changing, growing or dying.

Draya said that one of the chambers within the caves was said to be the pregnancy cave. "That cave can be entered by everyone of any shape or size except a woman who is pregnant and is hiding it," he said.

"Even the slimmest pregnant woman will get stuck there."

So for women who want an alternative pregnancy test - the caves could be the place for this.

Ratu Mara - A Colossus of the Pacific

Remembering a colossus

www.fijitimes.com - Thursday, October 08, 2009

Tuimacilai: A Life of Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara was four years in the making.

It is the first major biography of Fiji's late president and prime minister, who was the dominant political figure in the period leading to Independence and in the first decades of nationhood.

It was said of Ratu Sir Kamisese that he bestrode Fiji's political stage like a colossus.

To some his height and quick temper meant he was "the towering inferno"; others gave him god-like status.

His achievements were numerous. But most of all he was known for his advocacy of multi-racial co-operation, through a philosophy of dialogue and consensus he called the Pacific Way.

Tuimacilai is the latest book by the historian and author Dr Deryck Scarr.

It is printed and published as a joint venture between the Fijians Trust Fund and the Australian company Crawford House Publishing.

It will be launched in Suva on Fiji Day, Saturday October 10th, by Ratu Sir Kamisese's close friend Grand Chief Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea.

Sir Robert Sanders, for many years secretary to Ratu Sir Kamisese and cabinet, knew the late leader better than most.

He describes Tuimacilai as a monumental work adding, "I would certainly call it definitive."

"To those of us who knew him the whole account rings true even without all the evidence so studiously gathered, interpreted and synthesized," says Sir Robert.

He compliments Dr Scarr for making sure Ratu Sir Kamisese's "very considerable achievements are fully recognised."

Here are some brief extracts and summaries from Tuimacilai, the first public disclosures of the contents of the biography:

"..he was forever navigating between discordant interests and aspirations in his re-emerging nation until the year 2000 when he became overwhelmed at the end of a very long walk along a political tightrope".

Dr Scarr saw Ratu Sir Kamisese as odd man out among the chiefs of his era. He had attended four universities, reading medicine, history, economics, political science and colonial administration. By conversion he was a Roman Catholic among Methodists. "Above all," writes Dr Scarr, "he was recognised as likely to see much more moral force in Indian political claims than most other Fijians were likely to do."

Psychology of a community: "As he remembered and as was often remembered of him too, he had actually taken full note of Indian aspirations throughout his time in district administration. 'In many instances I felt that their main problem was a psychological one,' he recalled in 1972, as prime minister with an election coming up. 'They felt that in spite of the role they played in the development of this country, they were not recognised as any more than itinerant immigrants who could possibly be sent away again. Having this understanding of the Indians, whenever I have the opportunity to serve them, I make sure that I serve them as fairly and honestly as I serve any other citizens in Fiji.' "In his diaries, though, his concern for his own people predominates, Ratu Mara wanted rapid results for Fijians in industrial as well as agricultural development."

Quoting from a letter by Ratu Sir Kamisese to his mentor and relative, Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna: "By the way, there will be no peace of mind if we keep on underlining the differences between Indians and Fijians. Neither race seeing anything in common. One thinking the other privileged."

Quoting G K Roth, author of The Fijian Way of Life: "Ratu Mara is an outstandingly able and intelligent young chief holding some remarkably unorthodox views on the Fijian social system and administration."

On the role of chiefs: "As a high chief from an established dynasty, and so the living representative of a creator god, his ascribed function was to serve as a central co-ordinating agency and in his formative years it was generally axiomatic that chiefs would or should lead in modern politics too."

Impatience: "Behind their hands, the young Fijians of his think tank said that it was doubly fortunate that he had never gone on to be a surgeon, because so impatient a man would hardly have waited for an unpunctual anaesthetist before making the first incision."

As a child at Levuka: "Ratu Mara was photographed there at about eight years old - a bare-foot boy in shorts and shirt, handsome, solemn, reserved, wary and not altogether happy, or perhaps merely shy."

Ratu Sir Kamisese on race and racialism: 'Race is a fact of life as language is a fact of life and these facts will have to be reconciled with progress. .. racialism is an evil, but also a reality"... "racialism is a cancer, a malignant growth; you cannot confine it to one race only."

Recollections from Oxford University: "My memories of him are vivid", wrote his modern history tutor, Mr A F (Pat) Thompson, nearly 60 years after taking him on. "Invariably dignified, his presence greatly reinforced by his youthful stature. Economical with words, but something of a wit when he uttered. Quietly competent, not a natural third by any means. In the late '40s, when there were schools lunches as well as dinners, I remember him striding round the quad after one lunch, completely under control after putting away phenomenal quantities of drinks. He was a truly heroic drinker in a very booze-ridden period."

Being hungry at Oxford: "In secluded gardens behind the college, he went scrumping (pinching) pears with Ratu Penaia because, big men that they were, they were so hungry for so much of the time."

A favourite Biblical text: "Have I not commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage: Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed: for the Lord Thy God is with thee whithersoever thou goest."

Quoting Dr Peter France on Ratu Sir Kamisese as a good listener: "He would ask questions and then subsidiary questions and you would find yourself talking to him for half an hour and only on leaving him realise that you hadn't the faintest idea of what his thoughts were on whatever you'd been discussing."

Socialising with Pat and So Raddock: "In houses like the Raddock's ... he was free to relax, joke, pour the wine, wrangle with Pat about cricket and poke fun generally."

Complaining when Adi Lady Lala Mara took her time when the couple were ready to go out: 'Clean people don't need to bathe,' he might comment when his wife lingered in her bath and they were going to be late for some cocktail party."

Fijian Arts and Craft

The beauty of the Fijian craft

www.fijilive.com

An average mat may take up to two weeks to finish.

One of the places you simply must visit on your Fijian holiday is the local handicraft market. The obvious benefit is being able to buy local art and craft at much cheaper prices compared to handicraft stores.

But there is another reason why you should do so. Visiting a local market is a chance to interact with local craftspeople and watch them at work.

You will get a better understanding of how local handicraft is made and craftspeople will happily answer any questions you may have about the materials and processes.

Suva’s handicraft market is located behind the Central Post Office while the one in Nadi is a short walk from the fresh food market in the centre of town.

At both markets, you will find Fiji’s two major races, indigenous Fijians and Indians sharing stalls side by side. These people, who come from various parts of Fiji, specialise in different craft depending on the area they are from.

Take the case of Leba Waqanisau, who hails from the island of Nayau in the Lau Group. She moved to Suva in 1960 to be close to her parents, who had resettled in Suva and decided to stay.

Leba, now in her 60s, has been making and selling handicraft for the past 36 years and has held a stall, No. 18 at the Suva Handicraft Centre for a good number of those years.

When I visited her, she was making pink rosettes out of vau, a rough paper like material that is made from the bark of a local tree. Vau bark is usually stripped and soaked in water for four weeks, before being flattened through beating. It is used in salusalu (traditional garlands), skirts and rosettes.

I saw Leba take a small piece of pink vau, make small circles out of it and deftly tie it together to make a perfect little rosette. It would be used to decorate some woven girl’s slippers she told me. Leba also weaves mats and makes tapa (the traditional cloth made from the bark of the mulberry tree).

These are skills she learnt growing up in her village on Nayau, where young girls would sit alongside women and imitate what they were doing. “We learnt by watching what they were doing, no one really taught us,” she says.

The younger generation is losing interest in the traditional crafts, says Leba. “You have to keep doing it to maintain it.”

One of the things that deter many young people from entering the handicraft industry is the relatively low returns for what is labour intensive and.time consuming work. Take a woven mat for example.


An average mat may take up to two weeks to finish and sells for only $25 - $35, a steal if you consider the amount of time and effort that goes into making it.

By visiting and buying directly from craftspeople, you are helping support the local craft scene.

It also means a greater portion of the sale goes directly into their pockets, as opposed to buying it from big handicraft stores where craftspeople are forced to sell their wares at cheaper prices.

So pay a visit to the local handicraft centres on your next visit to Fiji, you’ll no doubt take back stories of how those special holiday mementos were made.

Art of Fijian body painting

Art of Fijian body painting

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During war in the old days, warriors painted their faces and sometimes chests in mainly red or black colours.

Traditionally, the Fijians painted their face and bodies in a range of different colours and patterns, not only for cosmetic decoration but in terms of tribal warfare, when a more serious make over was called for!

An indigenous palette of red, yellow, black and white was used, which was later joined by blue and vermilion with the arrival of the Europeans in the 1800’s.

In fact vermilion had become equivalent to gold by the mid 19th century and the Fijians swapped baskets of the seafood delicacy, blanche-de-mer, with European traders for the valuable red pigment.

Black pigment was obtained from the soot of burnt candlenut or kauri resin, or from charcoal or fungus spores, then mixed with coconut and other oils.

Yellow was derived from a type of ginger root as well as turmeric.
For everyday decoration, faces were striped, zigzagged, spotted, bisected or plain black except for a red nose.

For wars, men would paint their faces and sometimes chests in mainly red or black – colours that were associated with battle, blood and death.

Tumeric was used to paint babies and women for the first three months of pregnancy and after the birth, until the baby was weaned.

During this time, a woman was sexually ‘tabu’ and if a man was found with traces of yellow on him, he was seriously teased!

Tumeric was also used for young boys’ puberty ceremonies or renaming ceremonies celebrating the first killing.

While men favoured red and black for war paint, the women preferred to use brighter colours or yellow, red and pink.

Fine black circles around the eyes were considered beautiful.

Before painting, skin was oiled and scented with coconut oil – a practice that many Fijian women still include as part of their beauty routine.

After the European settlers and missionaries arrived in Fiji, tribal warfare and rituals such as initiation tattooing were discouraged. Eventually, the practise of Fijian face and body decoration also disappeared.

Today, face painting is reserved for cultural performances only.

The romantic tale of the Tagimoucia

The romantic tale of the Tagimoucia

www.fijilive.com

The Tagimoucia is one of the rarest flowers in the world.

Nestling in a dormant volcano, the rare and lovely tagimoucia blooms on the fringe of Taveuni's remote lakes, four thousand feet above sea level.

One of the rarest flowers in the world, the tagimoucia or medinilla waterhousei, grows only on the island of Taveuni, home to lush rainforest, exotic ferns, orchids, rare palms and native trees.

Behind Fiji's unique, national flower, there is a legend - a Fijian legend full of South Seas romance. On the island of Taveuni there once lived a beautiful princess.

One day, she found out that she was to lose her lover because her father had betrothed her to an ugly, old man in the village.

In her anguish, she ran into the forest, where she wandered around for many hours before she found herself on the banks of an exquisite, jewel-like lake.

She was later to be discovered by a search party, weeping as she slept upon a bed of tangled, green vines.

As her tears rolled down her cheeks, they fell on to the stems of the plant and turned from salt into blood red flowers.

The group of men, send by her father to find her, named these flowers "tagimoucia" which means in Fijian "crying tears of despair."

And there they are to this day, for the people of Taveuni believe that this exquisite flower did indeed originate from the bitter tears shed by a young girl in love.

As for the princess, when she awoke from her nap she was delighted to find her lover by her side. Her father, feeling pity for his daughter, then allowed the young couple to marry and they lived happily every after on Taveuni - the "Garden Island of Fiji."

Common Fijian Phrases

Say It In Fijian

www.fijilive.com

No stay in Fiji is complete without learning some Fijian words. The best way for you to learn Fijian and Hindi is to converse with a local. Not only will you learn a new language, you will also make a lifelong friend. Here’s a few hints about pronunciation - an essential part of Fijian and Hindi. The vowels in the Fijian language are pronounced the same as in English but the Fijian language also comprises of the following consonants - b is mb as in bamboo, c is th as in that, d is nd as in candy, j is ch as in church, g is ng as in singing, q is ngg as in great. In Hindi, the vowels are pronounced as follows: a is long as in master; e is long as in wet, I is pronounced as e like reef, o as in wow, u as in run.

Here are just some words that you might want to try out:

EnglishFijian
Hello (casual)Bula (Boo-lah)
Hello (formal)Ni sa bula (Nee Sah Boo-lah)
Good morning Ni sa yadra (Nee Sah Yarn-drah)
PleaseKerekere (Cayraycayray)
Thank you/goodVinaka (vee-nakha)
YesIo (ee-oh)
NoSega (Seng-gah)
EatKana (kah-nah)
Lady/womanMarama (Mmah-raam-mah)
ManTuraga
Child(Too-rang-gah)
Gone (Ngo-ne)
SmallLailai (Lie-lie)
LargeLevu (Lay-voo)
A little Vakalailai
(Vah-car-lie-lie)
A lotVakalevu
(Vah-car-lay-voo)
QuicklyVakatotolo
(Vah-car-toe-toe-low)
SlowlyVakamalua
(Vah-car-mah-loo-ah)
House Vale/bure(Val-lay/Boo-ray)
ToiletValelailai
(Vah-lay-lie-lie)
ComeLako mai
(Lah-koh my)
Go away Lako tani
(lah-ko-tah-nee)
Goodbye (informal) Moce(Mow-they)
Bring it Kauta mai
Take it away(Cow-tah my)
Kauta tani(Cow-tah-tah-nee)
One moreDua tale (Doo-ah tah-ley)
OneDua (Doo-ah)
TwoRua (Rooh-ah)
DrinkGunu (Ngoo-noo)
FoodKakana(Kar-car-nah)
ChurchVale ni lotu (Vah-ley nee low-too)
CoconutNiu (New)
Shop/Store Sitoa(See-toh-ah)-(store)
Earth ovenLovo (Low-voh)
SarongSulu (Sue-loo)

The shifting sand dunes

The shifting sand dunes

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The dunes are clearly visible from the main highway just outside Sigatoka.

Near where the Sigatoka River meets the sea on South-Eastern Viti Levu stretches an expanse of barren wind-blown sand that has been the subject of myth and superstition for centuries.

The dunes are clearly visible from the main highway just outside Sigatoka.

All you need to do is park the car at the foot of the dunes and a short, steep ascent up the sands is rewarded with a panoramic view of rolling surf, the mouth of Sigatoka River and a desert-like vista of breathtaking beauty.

The Sigatoka sand dunes are constantly being reformed by wind and tide on the side nearest the sea and have revealed archaeological treasures that have done so much to establish Fiji's earliest human history.

The dunes are the product of fluvial erosion in the coastal hinterland and coastal beach forming process. Eroded rock material from the Sigatoka River's catchment is transported downstream to the river's mouth where a sand bar has developed.
Wave action (long-shore drift) then transports the sand ashore. Strong on-shore winds then further transport the sand in-land, piling it up in the form of dunes. Dunal vegetation reduces Western wind velocity and acts as a sand trap, thereby effectively stabilising and building up the dunes at the same time.

The sand dunes extend from the mouth of the Sigatoka River for a distance of close to five kilometres. The width of this complex system of dunes and inter-dunal hollows (swales) varies from around 200m in the east to 0.8 km in the west

Their average height is 20m but at their high point in the Western Section, they reach in excess of 50 meters. Dunes composed largely of alluvial sands, overlay details and beach deposits.

Their average height is 20m but at their high point in the Western Section, they reach in excess of 50 meters. Dunes composed largely of alluvial sands, overlay details and beach deposits.

For almost half of their total area of approximately 240 hectares dunes are unstable.

Occasionally, as the huge sand dunes shifted with the wind, shards of pottery and human bones were uncovered.

Even today, as the dunes continue their endless movement, new discoveries are being made.

For almost half of their total area of approximately 240 hectares dunes are unstable. Occasionally, as the huge sand dunes shifted with the wind, shards of pottery and human bones were uncovered. Even today, as the dunes continue their endless movement, new discoveries are being made. The mystery of this dune-forming process has been occurring for the last 3500 years.

In those times, the coastal strip was tropical forest with.fertile soil and lay close to rich fishing grounds making it an ideal spot for settlement.

Somewhere around 1,000 BC, migrants believed to be from Vanuatu arrived. Called the Lapita people, evidence of their early settlement has been found in the Sigatoka sand dunes and on Yanuca Island near the present site of The Fijian Hotel.

However, their exact origins and eventual fate are lost in time.

It has been suggested that Fiji's early settlers played a major role in the formation of the sand dunes through deforestation of the Sigatoka River's catchment.

These first settlers may have come and gone unnoticed, but for the ancient shards of pottery that has survived centuries in the sand and triggered modern scientific interest in the area.

There was a second epoch of settlement and it too remains largely unexplained.

The watchful eyes of the coconut

The watchful eyes of the coconut

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The legend says that God gave the coconut three eyes, which are represented by three dark indentations at one end of the nut.

Falling coconuts that watch for you! You've heard about how the coconut tree is called the Tree of Life in the Pacific and how versatile it is.

However, have you heard the one about the falling coconuts that watch for you?

According to Fijian legend, there's no need to watch for falling coconuts when you're in the islands, because the coconuts will watch for you.

The legend says that God gave the coconut three eyes, which are represented by three dark indentations at one end of the nut.

Each of the eyes has a job to do: one looks left, one looks right, and the third looks down to make sure there is no one below when it decides to fall from its lofty perch.

Getting hit by a falling coconut would inflict considerable pain, but thanks to the legend of the three eyes, such an accident almost never occurs. Falling coconuts are often heard of but, thankfully, are never felt.

Perhaps it's because of the legend - who knows? One thing's for sure, your head's probably very thankful!

Fiji’s Cannibal History

Step into Fiji’s cannibal history

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Udre Udre's grave on the outskirts of Vaileka town. The stones surrounding the grave signify the number of people he is believed to have eaten.

As you turn off the Kings Road in to Vaileka in northern Viti Levu you come across a neatly-kept grave on your right, 12 kilometres before the town.

The neatly-inscribed grave stone and serene surroundings belie the terror with the Fijian chief buried there held sway over the area more than 200 years ago.

Ratu Udre Udre, a tribal chieftain in the area, was the last-known cannibal in Fiji and was known to practice this gruesome feat even after influential chiefs like Ratu Seru Cakobau ceded Fiji to Great Briatin and accepted Christianity.

He is reputed to be the world's most prolific cannibal.

During the 19th century, Ratu Udre Udre reportedly ate more than 99 people. He kept a stone for each body he ate, which were placed alongside his tomb in Rakiraki, in northern Viti Levu.

According to Udre Udre's son, the chief would eat every part of his victims, preserving what he couldn't eat in one sitting for consumption later.
While it is believed that Udre Udre ate over 9000 people, this would have been impossible considering the time it would have taken per person. Actual estimates from the count of grave stones near his grave the count near 872.
The National Museum in Suva has on display part of Udre Udre’s dining table, with several of the actual ceremonial forks used by Fijians to eat human flesh.
The excellent Lonely Planet guide to Fiji gives the following story.
In 1849, some time after Ratu Udreudre's death, the Reverend Richard Lyth, who was staying in Cokova in north-eastern Viti Levu, saw a long line of stones placed together in a row.
Each stone represented one of the chief's victims and amounted to a personal tally of at least 872 corpses, in addition to any eaten in his youth [apparently some of the stones had ben removed].

The Reverend recounted a conversation with Udre Udre's son Ravatu. “Ravatu assured me that his father eat all this number of human beings - he was wont to add a stone to the row for each one he received - they were victims killed in war he eat them all himself - he gave to none,” he said. “However much he had on hand - it was cooked and recooked (by which it was preserved) until it was all consumed - he would keep it in a box so that he might lose none ... he eat but little else, very little vegetable - and being an enormous eater he was able to get through a great deal.”
So next time you’re travelling that As you turn off the Kings Road in to Vaileka in northern Viti Levu you come across a neatly-kept grave on your right, 12 kilometres before the town.


The neatly-inscribed grave stone and serene surroundings belie the terror with the Fijian chief buried there held sway over the area more than 200 years ago.

Ratu Udre Udre, a tribal chieftain in the area, was the last-known cannibal in Fiji and was known to practice this gruesome feat even after influential chiefs like Ratu Seru Cakobau ceded Fiji to Great Briatin and accepted Christianity.

He is reputed to be the world's most prolific cannibal.

During the 19th century, Ratu Udre Udre reportedly ate more than 99 people. He kept a stone for each body he ate, which were placed alongside his tomb in Rakiraki, in northern Viti Levu.

According to Udre Udre's son, the chief would eat every part of his victims, preserving what he couldn't eat in one sitting for consumption later.
While it is believed that Udre Udre ate over 9000 people, this would have been impossible considering the time it would have taken per person. Actual estimates from the count of grave stones near his grave the count near 872.
The National Museum in Suva has on display part of Udre Udre’s dining table, with several of the actual ceremonial forks used by Fijians to eat human flesh.
The excellent Lonely Planet guide to Fiji gives the following story.
In 1849, some time after Ratu Udreudre's death, the Reverend Richard Lyth, who was staying in Cokova in north-eastern Viti Levu, saw a long line of stones placed together in a row.
Each stone represented one of the chief's victims and amounted to a personal tally of at least 872 corpses, in addition to any eaten in his youth [apparently some of the stones had ben removed].
The Reverend recounted a conversation with Udre Udre's son Ravatu.
“Ravatu assured me that his father eat all this number of human beings - he was wont to add a stone to the row for each one he received - they were victims killed in war he eat them all himself - he gave to none,” he said.
“However much he had on hand - it was cooked and recooked (by which it was preserved) until it was all consumed - he would keep it in a box so that he might lose none ... he eat but little else, very little vegetable - and being an enormous eater he was able to get through a great deal.”
So next time you’re travelling that way take a little time to be acquainted with Fiji’s last cannibal.

The giant and his swing

The giant and his swing

www.fijilive.com

Degei...the all powerful snake god

We've all heard of the value of hard work and the danger of idleness. In the Western world, this moral is told through the story of the grasshopper and the ant.

In Fiji, this moral is told through the story of the giant and his swing. High in the mountains of Kadavu, in a small village in Naceva, there lived a family.

They were your average Fijian family, except the youngest child, Bulai, was a giant and was more prone to go off and play rather than go off and work like the rest of his hard-working family.

Bulai left home when he was young and went to live on the mountaintops where he could play all day, uninterrupted.

Bulai, decided to go for a nice swing and sat upon a massive creeper that hung from the biggest tree in the mountain forest.

The meagre sashaying of the normal-sized playground swings we're accustomed to was incomparable to the immense stride of the giant vine swing of Bulai.

With one swift movement, Bulai could soar across the mountains and valleys until he reached Nabukelevu, some 20 miles away from where he started.

With one sweep back on the swing, Bulai passed over the valleys and mountains on the way back and went right across the island until he was right over the sea at the other end of Kadavu.

Bulai would swing backwards and forwards over Kadavu all day long, even swinging right about his family's village. Every time he passed it, he observed his family hard at work.

One swing forward, he could see them hiking to the forest to the yam gardens; on the swing back, he saw them digging up the yams.

Another time, he saw them climbing the coconut trees and cutting the leaves to weave into baskets; another swing back and Bulai observed them placing the yams into the completed baskets and lugging the heavy loads to the village.

Again, with another swing, he saw them struggling on their way home through the slippery mud up and down the rough terrain.

Bulai continued swinging into the evening and continued to observe his family each time he passed overhead.

As always, they were never idle, always attending to some task. The women gathered the firewood and at night fires were lit to roast the yams they had collected laboriously.

Just as his family were about to enjoy the fruits of their labour, Bulai swung down and snatched the delicious yams before they could even get a taste of the fresh, piping-hot treat.

They were undoubtedly miffed at this, but being the genial, industrious people that they were, they simply went out to get more yams.


However, when Bulai continued to nick their food and quickly escape with the help of his massive swing, they agreed that he must be stopped, somehow.

They tried yelling at him, but Bulai simply laughed and ignored their scolding. One day, two men from his village decided on another tactic.

They hiked up the mountains until they reached the top and found the giant tree, which held the notorious swing. They climbed the tree and found the particular creeper that Bulai used as his swing.

In fact, Bulai was still swinging gleefully on it, not even realizing that there were two intruders just above him.

With stone axes, the two men hacked at the vine until it broke in two and fell down far into the valley below. The vine coiled and entangled Bulai on the way down. Bulai met his doom and died instantly.

It is said that in a small village somewhere in Naceva there are two large white stones that look like the bones of a giant.

The villagers refer to them as Bulai's bones and every time they look at them, they are reminded of his idle folly and say, "Those who think only of pleasure and leave all the work to others will come to a bad end!"